Merry christmas & 新年快樂 Sherry Michael Angela James Aaron 佛烈德 原諒我 忘記英文spelling Elvis Brian Water Frank James 2 祝 您們 : 新年 事事如意 平安健康 上帝 媽祖 阿拉真主 各地神明 保佑您們 事事如意 更圓滿的新的一年 感謝您們 今年踴躍的參與 謝謝
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英文讀書會因12月25日聖誕節及1月1日元旦碰巧都是星期二，因此二周聚會暫停 會員好朋友們: 請利用假日，多陪陪家人及所愛的人祝大家新年快樂，平安幸福，感謝您本年度的踴躍參與，明年見囉。
Ps. 林小姐及王先生來電詢問 加入讀書會資訊 竭誠歡迎您們
先鋪上 1/8 文章 您們先參考 您們也可做預習 謝謝
會員好朋友們大家好: 2013年1月8日將討論兩主題---
1/8 Topic1.女性領導能力 Topic2.拍馬屁
1. Do women make better leaders than men?
2. Why Women Make Better Leaders?
3. How to be a good leader?
What are the characteristics of a good leader?
4. Do you think a female leader would make a good leader for your country?
5. In your opinion, do you think women's power has surpassed men in today's society?
(希望之聲電台)韓國總統大選於當地時間12月19日落下帷幕，執政黨新國家黨人候選人朴槿惠以51.55%的得票率當選為韓國第18任總統，同時成為韓國憲政史上第一位女總統，備受矚目。
不可否認地，無論在職場上，或在各方面上，現代女性的表現，一直都很優秀，一些國家的領導人，也由女性擔任，也非常出色，現代女性在國際上，已有舉足輕重的地位。
這件新聞給了比利一點想法 大家來探討現代女性的領導力，分享一些您的看法。 Why Women Make Better Leaders Than Men? (By SiliconIndia/siliconindia news) Bangalore: In the present world, women are no less than men. They are into every field where we think only men are capable of it and they are bagging top notch positions in almost all the sectors and have proved their efficient leadership from all extremes. According to Debra Burrell, a psychological social worker and regional training director of the Mars-Venus Institute in New York, most women of women managers tend to have more of a desire to build than a desire to win and also women are more willing to explore compromise and seek other people's opinions.
There are many women strengths to be a better leader than men like, most of the time women tend to be better than men at empowering staff, they encourage openness and are more accessible, they respond quickly for assistance, they identify problems quickly and accurately and they are better at defining job exceptions and providing feedback.
There are powerful women leaders all over the world serving effectively in their respective fields and most of them are politicians. Angela Merkel, the German Chancellor is the best example. She heads Europe's most vibrant economy and is widely viewed as the de facto leader of the EU. In a recent poll conducted in France showed that the French had more faith in Angela than in their President, Nicolas Sarkozy. She is one of the powerful women leaders in the Forbes list. We cant forget Hillary Clinton, the Secretary of State have shown her impressive marks by handling difficult situations like Osama's death, WikiLeaks' release of sensitive American diplomatic cables etc. She has successfully handled many difficult situations till date. Like them there are many women leaders Sonia Gandhi , Persident of Congress party in India, Christine Lagarde, the first woman to run the IMF are among the successful women leaders. So, what qualities might make women suited to be good leaders?
Communication is always the key to effective leadership. Harvard Business School professor, Nitin Nohria told that every time the good leaders will always spend lot of time in communicating. Usually women make better verbal communication by discussing their thoughts. Communication helps in easier control and co-ordination of business activities, it helps in successful decision making etc. These factors will always not only for leaders but for all the professionals. Have a Vision:
If you desire to become a leader, you must always have a vision which a leader must communicate with an employee. The very essence of a good leader is to have a vision. Developing a vision s not an easier task, a leader must be capable of developing a vision into reality. For making it work, a leader must be capable in directing their juniors towards success. The leadership always goes beyond organization's mission statement. The vision is manifested in the action, values and goals of your organization's leaders.
To be successful good leader, spending time and energy is necessary to accomplish the task. The leader must be dedicated to what ever the work takes to complete it. A leader must also develop the quality of openness to listen to new ideas; they must be open to accept new ways of doing things. Openness helps in building mutual respect and trust between leaders and followers.
1. Is Flattery Good or Bad?
2. Do you think Flattery make people perform better?
3. Do you think flattery helps get good chances of
4. Do you flatter people?
5. How do you respond to flattery?
6. Is Flattery Important For Success?
Flattery will get you anywhere!
Evidence shows that compliments make people perform better
The old adage of 'flattery will get you anywhere may just have been proved as scientifically true.
A team of researchers have found evidence that we do actually perform better when we receive a compliment.
Being told nice things can stimulate the brain in the same way as being rewarded with cold hard cash to make us improve our work.
Complimenting someone could be key to improving their performance in work and school
The findings have led the team of Japanese scientists, lead by National Institute for Physiological Sciences Professor Norihiro Sadato, to suggest that compliments could be used to help improve performance in schools.
Professor Sadato said: 'To the brain, receiving a compliment is as much a social reward as being rewarded money.
'We've been able to find scientific proof that a person performs better when they receive a social reward after completing an exercise.
Scientists discover how to make time pass faster (or slower)
The Pill 'helps prevent you getting dementia': Effects on memory last for years after giving up use
'There seems to be scientific validity behind the message 'praise to encourage improvement'. Complimenting someone could become an easy and effective strategy to use in the classroom and during rehabilitation.'
The team had previously discovered that the area of the brain known as the striatum is activated when a person is rewarded a compliment or cash.
But their latest research, published online in PLOS ONE, the scientific journal published by the Public Library ofScience, could suggest that when the striatum is activated, it seems to encourage the person to perform better during exercises.
You can catch more flies with honey: People respond better to compliments than criticism
For the study 48 adults were asked to learn and perform a specific finger pattern, pushing keys on a keyboard in a particular sequence as fast as possible in 30 seconds.
Once they had learned the finger exercise
they were separated into three groups.
One included an evaluator who would compliment participants individually, another involved individuals who would watch another participant receive a compliment, and the third group involved individuals who evaluated their own performance on a graph.
When the participants were asked to repeat the finger exercise the next day, the group of participants who received direct compliments from an evaluator performed better than participants from the other groups, indicating that receiving a compliment after exercising stimulates the individual to perform better afterwards.
The evidence chimes with Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, which was outlined in his 1943 paper 'A Theory of Human Motivation'.
The psychologist believed that every human had fundamental needs and, as the most basic ones like water and food were achieved, the individual would then begin focusing on less crucial needs, like spontaneity and problem solving.
As part of the needs, Maslow said that esteem was a crucial factor.
He believed every human needs to feel respected have good self-esteem.
Most people try to achieve this through a profession or hobby, where they can be recognised for their performance.
When people do not have self-respect, they feel incompetent and weak.
Therefore by complimenting someone, you can raise their self-esteem and they will feel stronger for the praise.
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英文讀書會經典名句 2012/12/20By all means marry, if you get a good wife, you'll be happy, if you get a bad one, you'll become a philosopher. (Socrates) 不管怎麼說還是结婚吧，娶到好老婆，你會幸福快樂；娶到壞女人，你將會成為哲學家。 
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english club 新聞字彙 2012/12/20(China Post)---South Korea elected its first female president Wednesday, handing a slim but historic victory to conservative ruling party candidate Park Geun-hye, daughter of the country's former military ruler. Park scored a decisive victory in Wednesday's vote, ensuring that South Korea's conservatives, who pushed through a free trade agreement with the United States, hold on to the powerful presidency for a second consecutive time after the end of incumbent Lee Myung-bak's mandatory single term in office. hold on to something保住，守住--- to continue to keep something and prevent it from being taken away or given to someone else 1. A crafty politician who knew how to hold on to power. 2. No, one night stand! Billy is determined to hold on to his principle and virginity
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英文讀書會 2012/12/19
交通部長毛治國17日在立院表示，102年元旦起酒駕處罰標準的吐氣酒精濃度由每公升0.25毫克下修至0.15毫克，並限3類駕駛人。(中央社) a device for estimating the amount of alcohol in the breath: used in testing people suspected of driving under the influence of alcohol 1. The policeman asked the driver to blow into the breathalyzer. 2. The driver question the result of the breathalyzer test. 那位駕駛人對酒測器測驗结果表示懷疑。
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english club 學英文 每周一句2012/12/18kick back has tow meanings----
kick back回扣 ---an amount of money that is paid to someone illegally in exchange for secret help or work 1. Contractors winning construction jobs had to kick back 5 per cent of the contract price to the official. 赢得建築工程的承包商 得抽出合同中價格的百分之五的回扣给那官員 2. Several legislators were accused of accepting kickbacks. kicked back放鬆一下----To take it easy; relax 
1. We like kicked back at home and watched TV after work. 2. As soon as you've finished up, you kick back and wait for the next order. 你們一完工後 就休息一下 並等待下一個指示
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每周一句2012/12/12
not cup of tea不感興趣--- if someone or something is not your cup of tea, you do not like them or you are not interested in them
1. Singing is not my cup of tea.
2. She is not my cup of tea.
我不喜歡她 
Englishtown
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english club
新聞字彙2012/12/15
26 dead in US school shooting (Bangkok Post) 12/15/2012 A man killed his mother at home and then opened fire Friday inside an elementary school, massacring 26 people, including 20 young children, as youngsters cowered in their classrooms and trembled helplessly to the sound of gunfirereverberating through the building. The 20-year-old killer, carrying two handguns, committed suicide at the school, bringing the toll to 28, authorities said. The dog cowered under down the table when his master shouted angrily. The frightened children cowered in the corner. I heard a voice reverberating in the air of the church, Billy I’ll make you rich, buy a lottery ticket. 我聽到一個聲音在教堂空中回蕩著，比利買張彩券吧!我將讓你富有! ” The death toll from the violence has reached 26. 由暴力事件引起的死亡人数已經達到28人.
新聞字彙2012/12/9
He cited President Ma Ying-jeou (馬英九) as saying that
he“sees a light at the end of the tunnel.”CAN
看到隧道中的一線曙光
(we never t known that how long it’s the tunnel.)
light at the end of the tunnel苦盡甘來--- something which makes you believe that a difficult or unpleasant situation will end
Unemployment is still rising but some economists assure us there is light at the end of the tunnel.
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每周一句2012/12/12
not cup of tea不感興趣--- if someone or something is not your cup of tea, you do not like them or you are not interested in them
1. Singing is not my cup of tea.
2. She is not my cup of tea.
我不喜歡她
每周一句2012/11/9
on a shoestring有限的資金---if you do something on a shoestring, you do it using very little money
1. They started their business on a shoestring and built it up gradually. 2. The movie was made on a shoestring. 3. Billy has been living on a shoestring since his wife took his money. 自從比利的老婆拿走他的錢後，他便省吃儉用。
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英文讀書會會員好朋友們大家好: 12月18日將討論兩主題---
12/18 Topic1.錢買不到? Topic2.「憂」2012
著名的哈佛大學教授邁可‧桑德爾（Michael Sandel）昨晚在文化部邀請下舉行大師講座，以「錢買不到的東西」為題在台大小巨蛋引導現場六千名聽眾進行金錢與正義攻防。 昨晚現場如同將哈佛大學講堂搬到台灣，桑德爾以該不該搶購五月天演唱會開始，在現場進行即席「投票」，贊成和反對買黃牛票的人數各半。相反的，對於高價購買有限的外科手術掛號、以現金獎勵小朋友讀書，觀眾則多表反對。有趣的是，桑德爾即席調查在場觀眾，發現絕大多數與會者都曾因為考試進步，收過父母親給的獎金。至於媒體壟斷獲絕大多數反對票。 清大學生陳為廷現身時，現場響起掌聲。這回他為家鄉的社區小雜貨店發聲。他說，農村裡的雜貨店不只賣雜貨，還賣鄰里自己種的菜，著重社區的互動。與超商充斥「偽善的謊言」的市場邏輯不同。 桑德爾表示，超商不只是生意的問題，也可能遭大財團壟斷。他要求觀眾闡述雜貨店vs.超商，並與媒體壟斷之間進行聯結。一位學生說，超商著重的是便利性，半夜有超商提供熱騰騰的泡麵，當然會受歡迎。但人們希望媒體能提供不同意見、不同的聲音以及挑戰，供我們思考及回饋。不希望媒體被壟斷。 桑德爾在總結時表示，我們經常排除爭議而說：「由市場決定吧！」以致全世界都缺乏公共論述。他說，公共論述的目的並非為了得到單一的結論，而是讓生活更有價值，讓每個人成為更好的公民。
1. What does money mean to you?
2. How much money is enough? How much money is really enough to retire on? 3. How Much Money Do You Really Need To Be Happy? 4.. Reasons Money Can Buy Happiness? Reasons Money Can not Buy Happiness? 5. Good or Bad For Students? Debating on social issues?
Harvard professor in Taiwan to speak on money, markets
Taipei, Dec. 9 (CNA) Noted political philosopher Michael Sandel is visiting Taiwan for the first time to share his views on justice and ethical issues, including money and markets, as part of Human Rights Day events in Taiwan, the organizers said Sunday.
Sandel, a professor at Harvard University whose course on justice has become one of the most popular in the university, was to attend a public discussion with Taiwan's Culture Minister Lung Ying-tai that day in Taipei, according to the Ministry of Culture.
Shortly after his arrival that day, Sandel attended a news conference and said his talks in Taiwan will focus on the questions of what should be the role of money and markets in a good society.
"I very much look forward to engaging in a dialogue with readers of my books," said Sandel, whose books "Justice: What's the Right Thing to Do?" and "What Money Can't Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets" have received wide interest in Taiwan.
The culture minister said at the news conference that justice has many facets and becomes a complicated issue when it involves the power of the government and the power of markets.
Meanwhile, asked about concerns over the media concentration in Taiwan that could arise from a recent media acquisition, Sandel said many countries around the world face the serious problem of concentrated control of the media, including the United States and the United Kingdom.
"It's important to try to avoid the media from being concentrated in very few hands," because it will damage free exchanges of ideas through the media, he added.
Although he did not put forward a solution specifically for Taiwan, he suggested that generally, creating a system of regulation and law that limits a market power or monopoly power is one way to preserve a media industry that is competitive and gives expression to many voices.
When asked to comment on other contentious issues in Taiwan such as the death penalty and same-sex marriage, Sandel said the debate surrounding both issues has raised strong competing, ethical ideas and contending philosophies of justice in many countries around the world.
He added that while discussing these issues, "I don't tell my students or readers what they should think about these questions."
Instead, Sandel said he tried to promote and trigger a debate on such difficult questions that highlight opposing ethical convictions.
During his four-day visit, Sandel will also give a lecture Dec. 11 at National Taiwan University.
Both events will be broadcast online and on the Public Television Service, the organizers said.
More than 5,000 people have registered to attend the events, the organizers said.
「憂」字居冠，成為這一年全民心靈與社會亂象的寫照【聯合報】
台灣二○一二年度代表字大選昨天揭曉。經歷廿一天、六萬二千一百零八通的全民電話票選，「憂」字以八千零九十四票居冠，成為這一年全民心靈與社會亂象的寫照。 由遠東集團徐元智紀念基金會、聯合報合作舉辦的「台灣年度代表字大選」，今年邁入第五年，去年選出「讚」字。今年第二到十名依序為：漲、轉、感、慘、鬱、苦、怨、窮、爛。前十名中，僅第三名的「轉」字為正面字。 「憂」字的原始推薦人是中研院副院長陳建仁。他指出，這一年來，無論是末日預言、國際形勢、歐債危機、貧富差距、薪資倒退、物價上揚、朝野族群對立、台灣競爭力落後等，「在在令人『憂』。」 主辦單位請來倫敦奧運奪牌選手許淑淨、曾櫟騁，曾櫟騁並以其充滿力量的雙手寫下「憂」字。 「有擔心、才有未來！」曾奪下台灣奧運舉重首面獎牌的蔡溫義說，台灣選出「憂」字，「代表大家醒了」，未來希望大家以「憂」字自我要求，將「憂」化為動力。與會的體委會主委戴遐齡說，「憂」字代表今年體育界的整體心情，她說，就是憂慮在倫敦奧運時無好成績，就更加努力。 遠東集團代表、SOGO董事長黃晴雯表示，民眾的「憂」是因為關心這塊土地，「『憂』可能會帶來沮喪、也會帶來力量。」 遠東集團董事長徐旭東推薦的「轉」字高居第三，是正面字中的第一高票。黃晴雯說，「轉」代表這股力量，她期許民眾帶一個溫暖、反省的心，「揮別這一年的困頓，帶動台灣向前轉動。」 聯合報總編輯游美月表示，第一名的「憂」字反映整體社會心情，第二名的「漲」字則反映民眾的憂慮所在：「萬物皆漲，薪水沒漲」，需要政府和社會各界關心，排名第三的「轉」字，或可視為解「憂」的力量，正視憂慮，轉一下心念，尋找新的方法，讓「轉」的力量，帶動台灣正向前進。
1. What Do You Worry About Most In Life? 2. How Much Do You Worry About Money issues? 3. How to Stop Worrying About Money? 4. Should we be worrying about the global crisis? 5. How to Get Rid of Your Worries? 6. How to solve the economic crisis, if you were a leader of a country?
Talk of the Day -- `Worry' is word for 2012 (CNA)
"Worry" was selected in a recent survey as the word that best represents public feeling about the soon-to-end year in the fifth year that such a poll has been conducted.
The survey, jointly conducted by Far Eastern Memorial Foundation and the United Daily News, asked respondents to choose words that they think best epitomize 2012.
The results, published Friday, show that "worry" was the top choice out of a list of words recommended by nearly 100 scholars and laymen.
Next came the word "hike," followed by "turnaround," "feeling," "misery" and "blue."
The other words that rounded out the top 10 were "hardship," "grievance," "poverty" and "sucks."
Most of the words selected are negative in nature, showing collective gloom among the public about the year.
The following are excepts from coverage of the list by the United Daily News:
Chen Chien-jen, vice president of Academia Sinica, who recommended the word "worry," was a bit surprised about the result of the survey.
He said it shows that the public shares his feelings.
He pointed to the international situation, the European debt crisis, the widening gap between rich and poor, the stagnant and shrinking salaries, rising consumer prices, the confrontation between the ruling and the opposition parties, the dropping of Taiwan's competitiveness, and even the 2012 doomsday predictions, as making "every one of us worried."
But he also expressed hope that the public will try to find a way out and that "there will be no worries next year."
Fan Chiang Tai-chi, spokesman of the Presidential Office, said that due to the fallout from the European debt crisis, all countries in the world, including Taiwan, are facing rigorous tests.
Despite the economic downturn, Fan Chiang said that some positive signs have begun to show since September, including the industrial production index, exports and economic outlook taking a turn for the better.
He cited President Ma Ying-jeou as saying that he "sees a light at the end of the tunnel."
Wang Min-sheng, a spokesman of the opposition Democratic Progressive Party, said Ma has been in office for more than four years and that the people are not just worried this year but have been worried for a long time.
Sophia Huang, Pacific Sogo Department Store chairwoman, said said the public feel worried because they care about the country.
She said that "worry can bring depression but can also bring strength."
The word "turnaround" recommended by Far Eastern Group Chairman Douglas Hsu, ranked third, the highest of the positive words in the survey, and this word represents strength, she said.
The word "worry" is the collective mentality of the people of Taiwan and the words ranking second to 10th illustrate why they are worried.
For example, the word "hike" shows the public's concern about rising prices for everything except salaries, while the word "feeling" represents the people's feelings about the "insensitive" government in pushing its policies.
The eighth-ranking word " grievance" is a sign of worry about increasing rivalry between the ruling and opposition parties and the widening gap between rich and poor.
The ninth word -- "poverty" -- is a reflection of the government's financial crisis embodied by the controversy about year-end bonuses for retired civil servants.
In 2008, the first year of the representative word survey, the word "chaos" was selected, and eight of the 10 top words were negative.
In 2009, the top word went to "aspiring," with the negative words cut to six. In 2010, it was the neutral word "light" and the only negative word was "hike."
In 2011, "like" was top and the only negative word was "worry."
This year, the fact that the only positive word was "turnaround" should serve as a warning to the government. (By Lilian Wu)
Sherry: You look upset. What's going on? Billy : My wife is being unreasonable! She flared up at me, making a mountain out of molehill! Sherry: What's the matter? Billy: I just paid NT$ 3,000 bought her a handbag, and I didn't think it was any big deal, but she blew up at me! Sherry: Well, She has been under a lot of pressure these days. Billy : Well, I know she is careful with money , but it doesn't mean she can vent his anger on me. 會員好朋友們大家平安: 12月11日將討論兩主題---
12/11 Topic1. 聖誕老人 Topic2.年度英雄 各位會員好朋友們大家平安:
下周我們將探討兩個有意義的題目: 一.聖誕節及耶誕氣氛給您的感覺? 二. 隨著2012年即將結束，您有做過哪些有意義的事呢? CNN每年度都會票選十位，在這一年中，在民間有特殊貢獻的人士，其中有許多令人感動的故事，希望大家互相鼓勵，做好事，做好人，有好報。
聖誕老人的傳說在數千年前的斯堪的納維亞半島即出現。北歐神話中司智能，藝術，詩詞，戰爭的奧丁神，寒冬時節，騎上他那八腳馬坐騎馳騁於天涯海角，懲惡揚善，分發禮物。與此同時，其子雷神著紅衣以閃電為武器與冰雪諸神昏天黑地惡戰一場，最終戰勝寒冷。 也有傳說稱聖誕老人由聖．尼古拉而來，所以聖誕老人也稱St.Nicholas.因這些故事大多弘揚基督精神，其出處，故事情節大多被淡忘，然而聖誕老人卻永駐人們精神世界。每年聖誕日，聖誕老人騎在白羊星座上，聖童手持聖誕樹降臨人間，隨著世事變遷，作家和藝術家開始把聖誕老人描述成我們今日熟悉的著紅裝，留白鬍子的形象。 同時不同的國度和文化對聖誕老人也有了不同的解釋。在德國，傳說他扮成聖童把堅果和蘋果放在孩子們鞋裡。他乘雙輪馬車四處漫遊，觀察人們的行為，尤其是小孩，如果表現好，將會得到蘋果、堅果、糖等諸多獎品。壞孩子則得一鞭子。家長們靈機一動紛紛採用此傳說來鼓勵孩子們聽話。聖誕節的普及大大超過了新年，成為一個全民的節日。聖誕老人已經成為聖誕節最受喜愛的象徵和傳統。他趕著馴鹿，拉著裝滿玩具和禮物的雪橇挨家挨戶給每個孩子送禮物的快樂老精靈的形象已深深地留在人們的記憶中。11世紀末來自意大利的宗教士兵將Nicholas聖人的遺物帶回意大利，並在港口城市Bari建造了一座教堂來紀念他。很快世界各地的基督教徒紛至沓來朝聖這位聖人。這些朝聖者將聖人Nicholas的故事帶回他們的本土，所以有關聖誕老人的傳說在各個國家都各具特色。許多國家都保存了他們自己有關聖誕老人的風俗和傳說。在荷蘭的傳說中，聖誕老人Sintirklass還帶了一個叫Black Peter的助手，乘著一艘船於12月6日來到。他帶著一本大書，書中描述了所有荷蘭小孩在過去一年中的表現。表現好的小孩就送禮物給他們，不好的小孩便讓他的助手帶走。 德國的聖誕老人也帶著一個叫做Knecht Ruprecht、Krampus或Pelzebock的助手，肩上背著個裝著禮物的大袋子，手上拿著一根棍子。好孩子可收到他的禮物，頑皮的孩子卻要給教訓幾棍子。 意大利的聖誕老人叫La Befana ；法國的聖誕老人叫Father Christmas或Pere Noel ；瑞士的聖誕老人叫Christkindl或Christ Child；斯勘的納維亞地區的聖誕人叫julenisse 或 juletomte ；而英國的聖誕老人和法國一樣也叫 Father Christmas（聖誕之父），他的形象比其它聖誕老人更莊嚴，更清瘦一些。北美的聖誕老人便是乘著馴鹿拉的雪橇來給孩子們送禮物的。(資料來源:世華網)
Questions:1. How do you feel about Christmas? What are you doing this holiday? 2. Do you celebrate Christmas? Why do people celebrate Christmas? 3. Is Christmas really important? 4. What are your wishes for the New Year? Santa Claus History (By Abhijit NaikPublished) In the United States and Canada he is known as Santa Claus, while in United Kingdom he is more popular as Father Christmas. Even today, children across the world wait for Santa to get them their well-deserved gift. (No wonder, the children spend their whole year wondering, 'when Santa Claus will return?'.) While children wait for their gifts, adults wait for this moment because it makes Christmas celebration even more special. Even though the aforementioned description of Santa Claus aptly describes how we see him today, it has not always been the same. Whilst going through the history, you'd realize that the Santa Claus legend has come a long way to become what it is depicted as today. Given below is a summary of Santa Claus history which will give you the details of the journey of this legendary figure throughout the history. St. Nicholas and Sinterklaas The American Santa Claus draws inspiration from St. Nicholas of Myra, as well as the legends of Sinterklaas and Father Christmas from Europe. 'St. Nicholas' of Myra (present day Turkey which was then under the Byzantine Empire) was 4th century Greek Christian bishop renowned for his practice of giving gifts for the poor. One of the numerous legends about this great saint shows how he helped a poor man to marry off his three daughters by gifting away three bags of gold coin to him. St. Nicholas has been an inspiration for the Americanized Santa and so is 'Sinterklaas' - a legendary figure associated with Winter Holiday in various European countries. These European countries celebrate Sinterklaas tradition every year on 5th December (i.e. St. Nicholas eve) or on the early morning of 6th December. Yet another mythical figure which is closely associated with the legend of Santa Claus is 'Father Christmas' - a symbolic figure associated with Christmas celebrations in English speaking countries. Even though Father Christmas was considered to be a symbol of the spirit of Christmas celebrations just like the Santa - he never got Christmas gifts for children like Santa did. More recently, however, the two figures have been associated with each other, thus making differentiation very difficult. Odin from Norse Mythology While St. Nicholas, Sinterklaas and Father Christmas have been the most prominent influences for the legend of Santa, there are citations of many other influential figures in the history with whom the Santa Claus has been closely associated. One such figure is Odin (Woden) - a god from the Norse mythology who ruled the heavenly dwelling of the Norse gods Asgard. According to a popular folklore, when Odin used to hunt on his flying horse - Sleipnir, in the sky; the children used to place their boots filled with carrots and straw near the chimney for Sleipnir to eat. Odin used to give these children toys and candies as gifts in return for this favor. The practice of keeping boots near chimney flourished in Europe for a long time, and eventually made headway in the United States in the 17th century through New Amsterdam - which was then a Dutch colony. Eventually boots were replaced by stockings, and thus came into existence a new Christmas tradition of hanging stockings at the fireplace. The Legend of Santa Claus in America In the 17th century, this legendary figure made its way to the United States and Canada though the Dutch and British colonies. In the United States, the image of Santa Claus received a major makeover as the American cultural influence made him more than a mere gift-giver. The fist instance of the use of name 'Santa Claus' by the American media can be traced back to 1773. By 1809, the bishop's apparel worn by Sinterklaas had long gone, and the Americanized version represented Santa as a Dutch sailor with a thick belly and a green coat. As time elapsed, the thick belly became even thicker and Santa became a plump old man wearing a red and white coat. The modern image of Santa Claus - the one with which we tend to associate Santa today, is attributed to some of the most popular works of the 19th century American cartoonist - Thomas Nast. In fact, the story that Santa lives at the North Pole is also attributed to one of Nast's works. Even though the history of Santa is quite interesting in itself, it is at times marred by some urban legends - the most popular among which is the myth that Santa Claus was a Coca Cola Company creation. Even though, Santa was used as a brand ambassador by Coca Cola Company in 1930s (and he does wear a red and white coat which are the colors used by this company,) concept is not at all its own creation. This may come as a surprise for many, but long before Coca Cola's Santa came into the picture, brand Santa was used by the White Rock Beverages to market their products. Even though the legend of Santa is traced back to several centuries, the concept continues to inspire writers, artists, and more importantly children - to good deeds, even today. After all, every child aspires to see his name in Santa's 'nice list', and not in the 'naughty list'! 
1. What do think these heroes? 2. Have you ever done any good deed in the year of 2012? If yes, why do you like helping people? 3. How to do a good deed? How to help the people in need? 4. Do you think a good deed will comes back to you? 5. Do you think helping others may make you happier?
The top 10 Heroes of 2012 CNN
Pushpa Basnet
Pushpa Basnet was shocked to learn that many children in Nepal have to live in prisons with their parents. In 2005, she started a children's center that has provided support, such as housing, education and medical care, to more than 140 children of incarcerated parents.
Wanda Butts lost her son in a drowning accident six years ago. In his memory, she started the Josh Project, a nonprofit that taught nearly 1,200 children -- most of them minorities -- how to swim. Mary Cortani is a former Army dog trainer who started Operation Freedom Paws, a nonprofit that helps war veterans train their own service dogs. Since 2010, she has worked with more than 80 veterans who have invisible wounds such as post-traumatic stress disorder. Catalina Escobar is helping young moms in Colombia, where one in five girls age 15-19 is or has been pregnant. Since 2002, her foundation has provided counseling, education and job training to more than 2,000 teenage mothers. Razia Jan is fighting to educate girls in rural Afghanistan, where terrorists will stop at nothing to keep them from learning. She and her team at the Zabuli Education Center are providing a free education to about 350 girls, many of whom wouldn't normally have access to school.
Thulani Madondo struggled as a child growing up in the slums of Kliptown, South Africa. Today, his Kliptown Youth Program provides school uniforms, tutoring, meals and activities to 400 children in the community. In memory of his daughter who was killed by a drunken driver in 2007, Leo McCarthy started Mariah's Challenge. The nonprofit gives college scholarships to teenagers who pledge not to drink while they're underage. Nearly $150,000 in scholarship money has been awarded. Connie Siskowski is helping young people who have to take care of an ill, disabled or aging family member. Since 2006, her nonprofit has provided assistance to more than 550 young caregivers in Palm Beach County, Florida. After beating his addiction to drugs and alcohol, Scott Strode found support through sports. Since 2007, his nonprofit, Phoenix Multisport, has provided free athletic activities and a sober support community to more than 6,000 participants in Colorado. Malya Villard-Appolon is a rape survivor dedicated to supporting victims of sexual violence in Haiti. In 2004, she co-founded KOFAVIV, an organization that has helped more than 4,000 rape survivors find safety, psychological support and/or legal aid.
Billy:Can you do me a favor? 
Billy:Can you keep an eye on my backpack, please? Nature's calling.
Sherry:Sure. Will you be long?
Billy:No.I just want to use the bathroom.
Sherry:Go ahead. I'll take care of it.
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新聞字彙2012/12/9
He cited President Ma Ying-jeou (馬英九) as saying that
he“sees a light at the end of the tunnel.”CAN
看到隧道中的一線曙光
(we never t known that how long it’s the tunnel.)
light at the end of the tunnel苦盡甘來--- something which makes you believe that a difficult or unpleasant situation will end
Unemployment is still rising but some economists assure us there is light at the end of the tunnel. 新聞字彙2012/12/5
“Minister, I think you are full of lies, a hypocrite and a minister that does not know repentance. I don’t think you are qualified to be a minister. Please apologize to us, said another convener of the alliance, Chen Wei-ting (陳為廷), a student at National Tsing Hua University. (Taipei Time) a hypocrite偽善者-- a person who professes beliefs and opinions that he or she does not hold, in order to conceal his or her real feelings or motives 1. The politician say he care about the poor, but he doesn't help them. He is a hypocrite! 那政客說關懷窮人，可是並不幫助他們，他是個偽君子！ 2. What a hypocrite! You should practice what you preache.
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狂想集(2012/12/4) 乞丐生意
begging business
這些日子 一連續碰到幾個乞丐 大前天遇到一位身障人士 賣牙刷及面紙 問他一包面紙多少錢? 他說一包150元 心想口袋只剩下100元 於是問他牙刷多少錢 他說120元 想了想乾脆把100元給他 沒拿貨品 昨天又碰到 賣口香糖也乞討零錢的一位視障人士 我買完便當後只剩下25元就把剩下的25元給他 他還抬頭瞪我一眼 也對25元能買甚麼呢? 買個便當都不夠 只夠買一包乖乖 剩下5元買包面紙擦擦汗 也難怪他瞧不起我這位施主 又走幾步路又碰到一位 趴在地上猛瞌頭的乞丐 身旁地上還有一包高級菸 又經過一個轉角處 又有一個和尚 伸手要化緣˙唉噢! 我的媽呀! 怎麼滿街都是乞丐 今天Billy突發奇 想要如何做一個成功的a professional beggar 專業級的乞丐 而Pro級的乞丐 應該準備些甚麼生財工具呢?
鋼杯a stainless cup或空餅乾盒an empty cookie box或 帽子 a cap (千萬不要拿星巴克的咖啡紙杯) 深色墨鏡 a pair of dark color sunglasses 紙板海報a cardboard poster (寫些孤苦無依賣身葬甚麼?) 護墊子 a pair of pats (瞌頭用 跪或趴著 避免破皮) 逃生路線 escape paths (萬一警察來了) 您看還缺些甚麼?
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心情日記 12/3/2012
這一陣子，總是陰雨綿綿，細雨不斷的日子，有人說，增添一些浪漫氣氛，而有人覺得鬱暗的天氣，令人憂鬱，有人害怕上班上課，尤其在陰雨潮濕的星期一， 您覺得呢? (Billy)
blue Monday---憂鬱的星期一/ 沉悶的
Monday considered as depressing because it is a workday in contrast to the relaxation of the weekend.
1. It was a rainy blue Monday and Billy felt sleepy all day.
2. It is blue Monday after a beautiful weekend.
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名人名句 2012/12/2I have never failed, I just found 10,000 ways it does not work. ( Thomas Eddison )
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新聞字彙2012/12/1 
Chiayi chief, sister indicted for graft. (China Post 2012/12/1)
Graft---貪污；受賄 In politics, graft is used to refer to the activity of using power or authority to obtain money dishonestly
1. Owing to graft, the magistrate of the county was discharged from her post and prosecuted.
2. She was accused of graft,took illegal commission and was sent to prison.
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每周一句2012/11/9
on a shoestring有限的資金---if you do something on a shoestring, you do it using very little money
1. They started their business on a shoestring and built it up gradually. 2. The movie was made on a shoestring. 3. Billy has been living on a shoestring since his wife took his money. 自從比利的老婆拿走他的錢後，他便省吃儉用。
每周一句2012/11/30
back-seat driver愛管閒事的人；幕後操控者
1. a passenger in a car who offers unwanted advice to the driver
2. a person who offers advice on or tries to direct matters that are not his or her concern
My wife is a back-seat driver when I drive a car she likes to tell me what to do.
The taxi driver became more and more intolerant of the back-seat driver.
計程司機,對那個愛操控的乘客,愈来愈感到難以容忍。
2. Don't ask Billy about the project, he's a back seat driver.
不要向比利問有關那個計畫的事, 他是多管閒事的人. 
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會員好朋友們: 12月4日將討論兩主題---
12/4 Topic1. 媒體壟斷 Topic2.星巴克 〔自由時報〕壹傳媒交易案今日簽約，從昨天開始由學生組成的「反媒體巨獸青年聯盟」冒著寒冷的天氣，靜坐在行政院門口表示抗議，要求行政院長陳冲能夠出來面對壹傳媒併購案一事，而英國網站（BBC）更報導學生和蘋果工會夜宿抗議活動。 報導指出，「反媒體巨獸青年聯盟」昨天下午2點就聚集在行政院門口，抗議政府無視媒體的自由和民主，此外，記者緊接著說，旺旺中時集團董事長蔡衍明若購買壹傳媒，將主導台灣一半以上的媒體。 據了解，行政院發言人鄭麗文轉述行政院長陳冲的說法，行政院捍衛言論自由，但對個案，則尊重各會依法審議，行政院不會干預此交易案的進行。 「反媒體巨獸青年聯盟」在今日行動結束後表示：「今天是反媒體併購案的第1戰。公平會將於29日舉辦座談會。」並誓言一定要擋下這次的併購案。 Queations: 1. Is it ok for students take to streets in protests against social issues? 2. Media Monopoly. What do you think? 3. Media Monopoly, Good or Bad? 4. Do you think social media influence society? Groups protest media monopoly The China Post news staff and CNA--Several media reform groups and their supporters took to the streets in Taipei yesterday (Sept. 1 is otherwise known Journalists' Day), protesting against media monopolization. The march was jointly initiated by the Association of Taiwan Journalists, Campaign for Media Reform and Anti-Media Monster Youth Alliance. Their members and supporters marched along a 3.9-kilometer route, from Mengjia Boulevard in Wanhua District to the National Communications Commission (NCC) on Renai Road. The protesters handed a petition to the NCC, calling for the nation's highest media regulator to bar a bid by the China-friendly Want Want China Times Group to purchase the island's largest cable system, and to more closely supervise the group. A news content division chief at the NCC accepted the petition and said that the commission will surely respond to the calls from the civic groups. The protestors also demanded an apology from the Want Want China Times Group over what they described as its unprofessional news reporting. On July 25, the China Times accused Academia Sinica research fellow and media expert Huang Kuo-chang of paying students to stage a protest against Want Want's plan to acquire the cable TV services owned by China Network Systems. Although China Times later published a formal apology to Huang, it did not address the issue of false information or show any remorse over the matter, said Chen Hsiao-yi, president of the Association of Taiwan Journalists. The media group crosses the line by attacking people who do not support its positions, said Lin Li-yun, convener of the Campaign for Media Reform. Democratic Progressive Party Chairman Su Chen-chang urged the NCC to revoke its approval of Want Want's acquisition plan. Nearly 2,000 media workers and students took to the streets in Taipei yesterday, rallying under the banner “You are big, but I am not scared.” Handing a letter of protest to the China Times' management, Chen Hsiao-yi, a protest leader and president of the Association of Taiwan Journalists, said the increasing concentration of media ownership by the Want Want Group is a threat to Taiwan's democracy. “Today we see where Taiwanese people's anger comes from. Want Want knows nothing about self-criticism,” Chen said. In its defense and in light of Saturday's scheduled protest, Want Want China Times published a full-page advertisement in the China Times the same day asking “Who is big? Who is scared?” “Our news reporting has always been professional and can be scrutinized. We welcome all criticism,” the ad said. Groups protest media monopoly The protesters later marched for 4 kilometers in scorching temperatures to Renai Road, where the NCC is located. A second wave of demonstrations were staged outside the building, with demonstrators waving placards with slogans such as“Press freedom,” “We need more truth,” and “Don't feed me poisonous news” to demand media reform by the NCC, Taiwan's media and broadcasting regulator. Chang Chin-hwa, another protest leader and a professor at National Taiwan University's Graduate Institute of Journalism, urged the NCC to establish stricter laws against monopolization of the media. “We, as responsible citizens, will keep an eye on how press freedom is protected by our government,” she said, submitting a petition to the NCC. Hsieh Jung-hsien, a 27-year-old protestor, said she was proud to take part in the march. “The public needs to make its voice heard in this kind of healthy social movement,” she said. The NCC later issued a press release that said it respects all kinds of voices, but it also stressed that the media merger deal would not be reviewed again. If Want Want China Times Group adheres to the conditions in the deal, the acquisition permit will be issued, it said. Among the conditions are ones that stipulate that the group should cut its ties with news provider CTiTv and that China Television should change its operating plan to become a non-news channel, in order to prevent a news monopoly from being formed. (https://sites.google.com/site/starbuckwendytracy/fa-zhan-li-shi) 星巴克得名于赫爾曼·梅爾維爾的著作，《白鯨記》中亞哈船長的大副名字——Starbuck 1971年4月，STARBUCKS的創始店在西雅圖開幕，當時，STARBUCKS只賣咖啡豆，不賣一杯杯煮好的咖啡，創辦人有三位，分別是鮑德溫(Gerald Baldwin)、波克(Gordon Bowker)和席格 (Zev Siegl)。當時有一家很有名 的畢茲咖啡茶品專賣店其老闆艾佛瑞畢茲(Alfred Peet)就是星巴克的精神教父，鮑德溫和波克就是在畢茲調教下，學 會了與美式淺烘培大相逕庭的重烘焙技術，奠定了STARBUCKS的基礎。畢茲認為自己進口的咖啡豆一定要採重烘焙 才能表現出絕佳風味。他們並未研究市場趨式，而是要以供給優質咖啡豆來創造。 STARBUCKS三元老從不曾放棄追求最高品質的承諾。他們在各方面都有創新和發明的空間，唯有一個理念必須堅持 不放：「我們販賣最高品質新鮮烘焙咖啡豆的目標永不改變。這是我們最珍貴的堅持。」STARBUCKS因此醉心於品 管，舉凡選購生豆、烘焙、調製到販售，都不假手他人，以確保產品的穩定性。此時，STARBUCKS的店面雖然已有 連鎖，可是卻都還是以賣咖啡豆為主，對於想喝咖啡但是又懶得或沒有器具自己煮的消費群而言，並不受重視。直到 當時還是一個小員工的霍華．蕭茲（Howard Schultz）提出了賣煮好的咖啡的想法，三元老害怕STARBUCKS 淪為 「外帶咖啡專賣店」，於是在1984年4月星巴克開設第六家分店時才讓蕭茲在店面裡面設立一個小小的咖啡吧。1984 年STARBUCKS在西雅圖市中心開了第六家店面，這是星巴克歷史上一大突破，因為它是第一家獲准兼售咖啡豆和熱 騰騰咖啡飲料的店面，也是STARBUCKS座落商業中心地段的首家店。 當時在他們小小的咖啡吧試賣咖啡的構想非常的成功，但是蕭茲卻無法與星巴克的三元老有共識。蕭茲覺得若要引進 新的咖啡時尚，首要之務便是要先開一家賣咖啡的店面，向民眾展示義式咖啡館的迷人氣氛 ，而不只是賣咖啡豆。 蕭茲在不放棄STARBUCKS原有的堅持，卻想保有自己的構想下，於1987年出資買下STARBUCKS的股權，成為 STARBUCKS的總裁。從此之後，STARBUCKS便開始以義大利式ESPRESSO咖啡吧為經營重心，兼賣他們所自行 烘培的咖啡豆，慢慢的席捲了整個美國社會，甚至使這樣的風潮蔓延到全世界，也席捲了台灣。 現在的星巴克，已經是年營業額超過四十億美元（約合新台幣一千三百六十億元）的大企業，平均每星期有二千五百 萬人次的消費者會光臨各地星巴克，而且星巴克仍以驚人的速度在成長。目前星巴克在全世界擁有超過七千五百家分店，今年則預計要在全世界各地開設一千三百家店面。
1. Why is Starbucks so Successful?
2. Why do people like Starbucks?
3. What do you think of Starbucks? Good or Bad?
4. What do you think of Starbucks Marketing Strategy?
5. Why do you think customer service at starbucks coffee?
6. Is coffee good or bad for us?
Starbucks History (A Past Worth Remembering)
When considering successful franchises it seems appropriate to look at Starbucks history. Not just a neighborhood coffee shop, Starbucks Coffee Company has become synomous with quality products and service. Whether you are Generation X or part of Generation Y, the working class and the technologically advanced youth has embraced what Starbucks has to offer - even if they have to stand a half an hour in line to get it. But once you are sipping your venti decaf, non-fat, sugar-free vanilla latte with no foam, do you ever wonder how it all started? Do you know of Starbucks history, and why people of all ages were willing to pay nearly $6.00 for something that is seemingly worth a lot less? Starbucks Marketing Strategy implements many of the high ideals within the Starbucks mission statement . These motivating factors are largely responsible for this franchise's success. Like successful franchises (i.e. MacDonalds), Starbucks started with a vison that was followed through to the end. And, just as in other highly success ventures, the leaders that held the Starbuck's vision, have not rested on its laurels. Starbucks Coffee Company is still expanding in interesting and groundbreaking ways even today. The environmentally conscious Starbucks Corporate Social Responsibilty statement speaks to a new breed of businesses that care about their carbon footprint. With the influence of this forward-thinking company, and its consistently innovative approach to each viral marketing campaign - others companies should start taking notes. It All Started with a Passion for Fresh Coffee Starbucks history owes its beginnings to three friends, Jerry, Zev Siegel, and Gordon Bowker. Inspired by a friend, Alfred Peet, who owned Peet’s Coffee and Tea, they wanted to open a store, sell premium coffee beans and specialty equipment in Seattle’s Pike Place Market. In 1976, they opened their very first store at 2000 Western Avenue, bought green coffee beans from Peet’s, and started their coffee roasting business. In 1980, Starbucks was now well-known as the largest coffee roaster in Washington, with six retail outlets. Zev Siegel also decided that it was time for him to move on, and his two partners bought him out. After ten years of Starbucks history (1981), a man named Howard Schultz, who was a sales representative for one of Starbucks’ suppliers, Hammerplast, became fascinated with the coffee roasting company, and the amount of plastic brewing thermoses that they were ordering. In 1982, Jerry Baldwin hired him as head of management. The Roots of a Splendid Idea A few years later, Howard Schultz attended an international housewares show in Milan, Italy. It was in this time during Starbucks history that the concept of what the company is today would be born. Schultz had discovered the passionate coffee culture in Italy, and as he sipped his first cup of caffe latte in Verona, Italy, he reveled at how customers would drink coffee for hours, socialize, study or read, and enjoy the trendy coffee house surroundings. He wanted to bring the same concept to the U.S. and he believed in its potential to bring Starbucks to the next level. The Beginning of Starbucks Today Unfortunately, Baldwin didn’t share the same enthusiasm, but he did allow the opening of a small espresso bar in one of their stores. In 1985, with belief that his idea would become successful, Schultz went out on his own, and opened a coffee shop with his idea. He named the shop, “Il Giornale”, and started selling espresso drinks. Schultz was right. In a few years, his idea became an amazing success. The year 1987 was another milestone in Starbucks history because it was the year that Schultz, along with local investors, raised enough capital to buy Starbucks from Jerry Baldwin and Gordon Bowker for 3.7 million. Schultz re-established Starbucks by combining the operations of Starbucks and Il Giornale, resulting in the Starbucks Corporation today.
Conversation: Sherry: Why didn't you show up for the meeting last week? Billy: I don't even want to talk about it. My car broke down.
Billy: The engine seems to be busted. It's driving me crazy!
Sherry: Wow. Have you thought about getting a new car? Billy: Yeah, I've thought about that, but I can't afford a new car.
Sherry: Maybe you can get a used car. It doesn't cost much. I know a garage is running a promotion.
Billy: Thanks for the information. I might wanna consider it.
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請欣賞 為小三唱的歌
惠妮休斯頓-Saving All My Love For You~
A few stolen moments is all that we share 偷來的片刻，是我倆共享的時光
You've got your family and they need you there
Though I try to resist being last on your list
But no other man's gonna do
So I'm saving all my love for you
My friends try and tell me
I just break down and cry
Cause I'd rather be home feeling blue
So I'm saving all my love for you
Love give you the right to be free
Just wait a little longer
But that's just an old fantasy
Gonna get that old feeling
When you walk through that door
Cause tonight is the night for feeling all right
We'll be making love the whole night through
So I'm saving all my love
Yes I'm saving all my love
Yes I'm saving all my love for you
No other woman is gonna love you more
Cause tonight is the night
That I'm feeling all right
We'll be making love the whole night through
So I'm saving all my love
Yes So I'm saving all my love
Yes So I'm saving all my love for you, for you
惠妮休斯頓出身於音樂家庭中，其母親為全世界公認為最佳女歌手的-西西休斯頓，惠妮休斯頓11歲就在母親任職的唱詩班中演唱。90年初，惠妮休斯頓與饒舌歌手巴比布朗結婚，並開始以更多元的方式網演藝圈發展，1992年與奧斯卡影帝凱文科斯納合演的電影〈終極保鑣〉，不但創造出全球四億美金的高票房，電影原聲帶更穩坐billboard排行榜冠軍20週，其中重唱70年代歌星桃麗芭頓的鄉村曲﹝i will always love you﹞蟬連冠軍寶座14週，是史上最成功的老歌新唱曲惠妮休斯頓也因為這張專輯獲得年度最佳唱片、女歌手、專輯三座葛萊美獎及九座billboard音樂獎、八座全美音樂獎。
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把悲傷留給自己 作曲：陳昇
可不可以 可不可以可不可以My sorrow I kept exclusively to myself. Sorrow-- mental suffering or pain caused by injury, loss, or despair. My sorrow I kept exclusively to myself. I was full of sorrow at your leave. My heart was riven with deep sorrow after your leave. When you leave, my cup of sorrow seemed complete. Words cannot express my sorrow when you has left me. (Billy) 
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